Vegetarian Research
As reported in the May 2002 issue of The Journal of Nutrition, we have designed a Food Guide Pyramid specifically addressing the nutrient inadequacies and reduced mineral bioavailability of lactovegetarian and vegan diets. The Vegetarian Food Guide diagram, a sample menu and a listing of the vegetarian food groups are available.
Vegetarian Food Groups
Food Groups |
Servings Size |
Whole grains, pasta, cereals |
6-10 servings/day |
- breads, cereals, pasta, rice
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- fortified grains in moderation
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Vegetables (include cruciferous) |
2-4 servings/day |
- broccoli, peppers, tomato
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- cauliflower, carrots, Brussels sprouts
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Green leafy vegetables |
2-3 servings/day |
- bok choy, kale, turnip greens
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Fruit (include citrus) |
1-2 servings/day |
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- 1 medium fruit (½ c. cubed)
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- grapefruit, banana, mango
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Dried fruit |
1-2 servings/day |
- raisins, apricots, figs, dates, prunes
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Beans & protein foods |
2-3 servings/day |
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- textured vegetable protein
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- 3 oz. soyfood (tofu, tempeh)
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- wheat gluten, seitan, eggs
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Dairy & substitutes |
3 servings/day |
- low-fat milk, yogurt, cheese
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- Ca/vitD enriched soy/rice/nut milk, cheese, soy yogurt
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Nuts & seeds |
1-2 servings/day |
- nuts: walnuts, almonds, pistachios, etc.
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seeds: sunflower, sesame, flax seed |
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Sample Menus
(about 2000 calories each, mid serving range)
LACTOVEGETARIAN |
VEGAN |
Breakfast |
Breakfast |
- 1½ c. wheat flakes
- 1c. non-fat milk
- 6 oz. orange juice
- 1 raisin English muffin
- 1 t fruit spread
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- ¾ c. oatmeal
- 1 oz. raisins
- 1c. soymilk, fortified
- 6 oz. grapefruit juice
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Snack |
Snack |
- 1½ oz. dried apricots
- 8 oz. non-fat yogurt
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- 4 graham crackers (2½" sq.)
- 2 T peanut butter
- ¼ c. cubed mango
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Lunch |
Lunch |
- egg salad sandwich (1 egg, 2 slices whole wheat bread, 1 T low-fat mayo, 3 oz. raw baby carrots)
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- tempeh & soy cheese sandwich (2 slices whole wheat bread, 3 oz. tempeh [cooked in 1 t olive oil], 1½ oz. soy cheese, fortified)
- spinach salad (1 c. spinach, ½ c. bok choy, 1 med. tomato, 1½ T sunflower seeds, 1 T canola oil dressing
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Snack |
Snack |
- 1 oz. cashews
- ½ c. cubed cantaloupe
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- 1 med. orange
- 8 oz. soy yogurt
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Dinner |
Dinner |
- bean & cheese burrito (½ c. black beans, ¼ c. soy beans, 1½ oz. cheddar cheese, ½ c. steamed broccoli, ½ raw tomato, 1 whole wheat tortilla)
- ½ c. cooked kale
- ¼ c. cooked turnip greens
- ½ oz. sunflower seeds
- 2 t olive oil
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- pasta dish (1½ c. whole wheat pasta, ½ c. broccoli, ¼ c. steamed red pepper, 1½ oz. tofu, ½ c. black beans)
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Snack |
Snack |
- ½ medium banana
- 2 graham crackers (2½ " sq.)
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